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The sun. Beach. Sea. Clear blue sky, full of black dots, flies and spiders.
Many patients complain of all sorts of flying worms, butterflies, cobwebs, lightning, jellyfish, wheels, and other similar objects in front of their eyes. Everyone can name them in different ways, but for our convenience, in this article, we will use the word “flies”.
Flies in front of the eyes are single or a set of dark spots, which are especially visible on a light homogeneous background (white, blue). Many people notice them at the very beginning of their appearance, after which they stop paying attention to them. These seemingly harmless flies can, in some cases, lead to blindness.
The reason for the appearance of flying flies is the destruction of the vitreous (darkening that casts a shadow on the retina). This darkening may be due to the appearance of blood clots, tumor cells, pigments. The closer the darkening is to the surface of the retina, the more visible their shadows are to humans and the clearer the flies are.
When moving the eye, the flies move quickly, then slowly (for 10 seconds) back. Older people and those who suffer from myopia most often suffer from the appearance of flies. The destruction of the vitreous, as a result of which flies appear, can be caused by a number of other reasons, such as:
- Disorders of the cerebral circulation;
- Decreased and increased blood pressure;
- Spasm of blood vessels in the head and eyes;
- Vascular wall instability;
- Consequences of head and eye injury as well as surgery;
- Inflammatory process of the eye, intraocular infection;
- Metabolic disease;
- Frequent and prolonged strain on the eyes;
- Severe physical and emotional strain;
- Vitamin deficiency;
- Smoking, alcohol use, drugs;
- Diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.
- Surgery is an effective method, but it is not widespread.
- Vitreolysis – an invasive painless procedure, performed with the help of a laser that eliminates this visual problem.
- Vitrectomy – complete or partial removal of the vitreous, and with it the flies. However, for such a serious operation there should be serious indications.